Frequently asked questions about gardening
Direct answers to the most common doubts about garden maintenance, watering, fertilizing, soil pH, pruning and plant selection. If you don't find what you're looking for, consult our comprehensive guides.
How often should I water the garden in summer?
In summer, most gardens in Spain need deep watering 2 to 3 times per week, providing between 2,0 and 30 mm of water per watering. It is better to water deeply and infrequently rather than superficially and daily, as this stimulates deep root growth and makes plants more resistant to drought.
Water always in the morning or evening to minimize water loss due to evaporation, which can exceed 60% in midday watering. A watering system with a timer and rain sensor can reduce water consumption by up to 40% compared to manual watering.
What is the ideal pH of the soil for the garden?
The optimal pH range for most ornamental plants and lawns is between 6.0 and 7.0 (slightly acidic to neutral). Below 6.0, the soil is too acidic and can accumulate aluminum and manganese at toxic levels for the roots. Above 7.5, iron, manganese, and zinc become locked up and plants develop chlorosis (yellow leaves with green veins).
There are important exceptions: azaleas, rhododendrons, and camellias prefer strongly acidic soils (pH 4.5–5.5). Measure the pH before planting and before fertilizing with an inexpensive digital meter.
How often should I fertilize the garden?
Organic base fertilizing (compost or worm castings) is applied twice a year: at the beginning of spring and at the end of autumn.
Example: In spring, after the last frost, add a layer of compost around the base of plants and mix it into the top few inches of soil. In autumn, apply a slow-release fertilizer to support root development and prepare plants for winter.
For flowering plants and vegetables, use a balanced liquid fertilizer every 4 to 6 weeks during the growing season. Always follow the instructions on the package to avoid over-fertilizing, which can burn plants and pollute water sources.
When should I prune my plants?
Pruning should be done at the right time of year depending on the plant type. For most fruit trees and shrubs, prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. This encourages strong growth and fruit production.
Example: Prune apple trees in late winter to remove dead or diseased branches and shape the tree for better light penetration and air circulation.
For flowering plants like roses and hydrangeas, prune after they bloom to avoid cutting off flower buds. Evergreen shrubs should be pruned in late spring or early summer to maintain shape and encourage new growth.
What are the best plants for a shady garden?
Shade-tolerant plants are ideal for areas with limited sunlight. Some excellent choices include hostas, ferns, astilbe, heuchera, and impatiens. These plants can thrive in partial to full shade and add color and texture to your garden.
Example: Plant hostas in a shady corner of your garden with well-draining soil and regular watering. They will provide a lush, green backdrop and complement other shade-loving plants like Japanese painted ferns.
Consider using mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds in shady areas. Also, ensure good drainage to prevent root rot, which is a common issue in shaded, wet conditions.